Maternal transfer sets piglets up for future success 

The maternal transfer process from sows to piglets is crucial for boosting early-life development and performance in piglets. 

Lallemand’s monogastric technical manager, Hannah Elliott, outlines the key findings from an event, which included presentations from Dr David Solà-Oriol from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, and Fernando Bravo de Laguna who is pig R&D project lead at Lallemand. 

Maternal transfer in pigs explained

When sow gestation diets and piglet post-weaning diets aren’t similar, it can have an impact on piglet performance. 

Ms Elliott says making sure diets are similar from sow to piglet is especially important. This is because pre-natal exposure to ingredients and flavours – through the process of maternal transfer – drives performance in post-weaning piglets. 

“Food experience in the womb and maternal milk can have an impact on piglets,” she says. 

“This means we can improve piglet performance by choosing ingredients used in gestation and lactation diets, for piglet creep, starter and post-weaning diets. 

“This also supports a more stable microbiota balance in the sow and in turn within the piglet.” 

She says milk and amniotic fluid both have a direct link to a piglet’s sense of smell and taste, as well as its physiological development, which can be influenced by diet and result in nutrient preferences in piglets. 

“This can be due to taste and flavour profiles on consumption, as well as digestion components from the sow’s diet which are available to the piglet,” adds Ms Elliott. 

The importance of colostrum

The most well-known form of maternal transfer is the delivery of antibodies to offspring through a mother’s colostrum. 

“Colostrum is crucial for a piglet’s immune function and is needed as a source of fuel when piglets are born. Practically, this energy consumption can be measured by an increase in piglet rectal temperature,” says Ms Elliott. 

Colostrum facts:

Sow microbial balance impacts piglets

The microbial balance of the sow has a direct impact on the development of her new-born piglets. 

“The mother should have a healthy microbiome with a good balance of positive and negative bacteria, because gut microbiota modulation in sows affects the gut microbial profile of her piglets,” says Ms Elliott. 

She says feeding Lallemand’s probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079, known commercially as Levucell SB, to sows has been shown to boost piglet growth rates and immune responses. 

“The simplest demonstration of maternal imprinting is when we feed the sow, she feeds the piglet, and the piglet grows,” adds Ms Elliott. 

The microbiota in the sow will then shape the development of piglets’: 

“Positively affecting the gut microbiota transferred from the sow to her piglets and supporting their immune system development with probiotics, such as Levucell SB, is one way of supporting piglet immunity and performance.”